1. Evaluating Soil Organic Matter Under a No-Till System Using Digital Sensors (EM38 and MSP3)

Agriculture, especially in no-till systems, plays a crucial role in ensuring global food security. The pressure on agricultural lands due to a growing population and climate change necessitates innovative solutions. Proximal soil sensing using electromagnetic induction (EMI) and electrical conductivity (ECa) sensors has gained prominence. These technologies provide rapid, non-destructive measurements of soil properties, offering advantages over remote sensing and laboratory analyses.... H. Hajjaj, K. Ibno namr, E. Abdellah , C. El khalfi